Caliph Hazarat Umar Ibn ul Khattab (RWT) was a political genius and highly pious, simple, austere, compassionate, kind, just but a very firm and stern ruler. He expanded the Islamic Empire not by the sword but by offering peace instead of to the enemies at an unprecedented speed but also built up its political and social welfare and judicial structure on the firm and sound basis of the Quranic teachings, Prophet Mohammad’s (SAWW) sunnah, Islamic Jurisprudence.
Hazrat Hazarat Hazrat Umar's (RTW) stress was on the wellbeing of poor, underprivileged, as this class made a bulk of any community, equal and fair justice for every citizen of the empire and creation of a fully Islamic social and welfare state that fulfilled the needs and requirements of its underprivileged citizens, sick, old and elderly. The slogan ''Islamic democracy'' has been coined and attributed to Umar Ibn ul Khattab (raw), the second most successful Khaleefah of Muslim Ummah.
During Umar's Khilafat, he consulted the Sahabah on many issues related to understanding the rules of Islam for new situations, newly conquered territories, state treasures and exchequer, and he adopted the strongest opinion and never the majority opinion. The general consensus of the Sahabah upon this makes it clear that the Khaleefah can consult until he finds the strongest opinion. It is the Khaleefah who decides which is correct and no one else.
He was very astute in the appointment of his provincial governors called ‘Wali or Amir.’ Whenever he appointed a governor he sent an emissary with him who would read publicly his powers and jurisdictions. Whenever he appointed a governor, he sent an emissary with him who would read publicly his powers and jurisdictions.
During the reign of Caliph Abu Bakr (RWT), the caliphate was economically and financially weak but during Hazarat Umar’s rule the caliphate geographically stretched from the Saudi peninsula to Central Asia that resulted in the enormous increase in the revenue receipts and other sources of income; the state was on its way to economic prosperity. Hence Caliph Umar felt it necessary that the officers to be treated strictly and harshly as to prevent the greed of money that may lead them to financial corruption, embezzlement of state treasures, nepotism and outrageous ostentatious way of life. During his reign, at the time of appointment, every officer of the state was required to take the oath:
That he would not ride a Turkic horse.
That he would not wear fine clothes.
That he would not eat sifted flour.
That he would not keep a porter at his door.
That he would always keep his door open to the public.
Caliph Umar was first to establish a special department for the investigation of complaints against the officers of the empire. This department acted as Administrative Court, where the legal proceedings were personally led by Hazrat Umar.
Before the appointment, all financial assets and details of the political officer used to be recorded and were checked each year. It was due to Hazarat Umar's strong commitment to eradicate corruption and bribery from the Treasury. He is reported to have said to one of his Governor, " I sent you as a governor, not as a merchant. ”
Hazrat Hazarat Hazrat Umar's (RTW) stress was on the wellbeing of poor, underprivileged, as this class made a bulk of any community, equal and fair justice for every citizen of the empire and creation of a fully Islamic social and welfare state that fulfilled the needs and requirements of its underprivileged citizens, sick, old and elderly. The slogan ''Islamic democracy'' has been coined and attributed to Umar Ibn ul Khattab (raw), the second most successful Khaleefah of Muslim Ummah.
During Umar's Khilafat, he consulted the Sahabah on many issues related to understanding the rules of Islam for new situations, newly conquered territories, state treasures and exchequer, and he adopted the strongest opinion and never the majority opinion. The general consensus of the Sahabah upon this makes it clear that the Khaleefah can consult until he finds the strongest opinion. It is the Khaleefah who decides which is correct and no one else.
He was very astute in the appointment of his provincial governors called ‘Wali or Amir.’ Whenever he appointed a governor he sent an emissary with him who would read publicly his powers and jurisdictions. Whenever he appointed a governor, he sent an emissary with him who would read publicly his powers and jurisdictions.
During the reign of Caliph Abu Bakr (RWT), the caliphate was economically and financially weak but during Hazarat Umar’s rule the caliphate geographically stretched from the Saudi peninsula to Central Asia that resulted in the enormous increase in the revenue receipts and other sources of income; the state was on its way to economic prosperity. Hence Caliph Umar felt it necessary that the officers to be treated strictly and harshly as to prevent the greed of money that may lead them to financial corruption, embezzlement of state treasures, nepotism and outrageous ostentatious way of life. During his reign, at the time of appointment, every officer of the state was required to take the oath:
That he would not ride a Turkic horse.
That he would not wear fine clothes.
That he would not eat sifted flour.
That he would not keep a porter at his door.
That he would always keep his door open to the public.
Caliph Umar was first to establish a special department for the investigation of complaints against the officers of the empire. This department acted as Administrative Court, where the legal proceedings were personally led by Hazrat Umar.
Before the appointment, all financial assets and details of the political officer used to be recorded and were checked each year. It was due to Hazarat Umar's strong commitment to eradicate corruption and bribery from the Treasury. He is reported to have said to one of his Governor, " I sent you as a governor, not as a merchant. ”
